Cristina De
Benedictis “fece ancora alcune opere in
Cortona”. Per la cronologia della Maestà e degli affreschi della chiesa
di Santa Margherita di Pietro Lorenzetti
This paper proposes with new topics that the Maestà of Pietro Lorenzetti
(Cortona, Museo Diocesano) can be dated to 1312. This cronology is
supported by the fact that Guido Tarlati from Arezzo was elected bishop
of the diocese of Cortona, Arezzo and Città di Castello in that year.
Therefore, this panel seems to have been a tribute to the town of
Cortona, confirming Tarlati's benevolence towards this Tuscan center on
the occasion of his episcopal settlement. Eight fresco fragments from
the church of Santa Margherita in Cortona also are considered. Three
fragments, representing Christ carrying the cross and the head of a
hermit saint, to be identified with Saint Jerome, are reconfirmed to
belong to the youthful activity of Pietro Lorenzetti. For their date
argued between 1313 and 1315, these mural paintings precede, therefore,
the frescoes of the lower church of Assisi. The other four fragments,
depicting Scenes of the Old Testament and two decoration friezes, are
attributed to the school (workshop) of Pietro Lorenzetti and dated
around 1335. This dating is remembered by Vasari in relation to the lost
Scenes of Santa Margherita, painted in the same church by Ambrogio
Lorenzetti.
Gert Kreytenberg Un
San Giovanni Battista di Nino Pisano
Nino Pisanos Figur von Johannes dem Täufer
(figg. 1, 2, 5, 7-8) ist perfekt erhalten bis auf den unteren Teil der
Beine und Füße, die unter dem Fellkleid sichtbar gewesen sein müssen,
wie ein Vergleich mit den entsprechenden Statuen (figg. 3-4) von Andrea
und Tommaso, Vater und Bruder, nahelegen. Die verlorene Partie dürfte
aus einem separaten Marmorblock gearbeitet gewesen sein, worauf auch
Spuren von zwei Eisenklammern am unteren Rand der Rückseite hindeuten.
Die plane Rückseite mit einer metallenen Öse im oberen Bereich lässt
erkennen, dass die Figur zusammen mit einem ebenfalls planen
Hintergrund, in dem sie verankert war, konzipiert worden ist.
Zweifellos war Andreas Statue des Täufers das Vorbild für Ninos Figur.
Die Gesten der Hände beider Figuren gleichen einander. Während der
Zeigefinger der rechten Hand auf jemanden – Christus – weist, zeigt
jener der linken Hand auf das Schriftband, dessen Text zwar gelöscht,
aber zu erschließen ist: Ecce Agnus Dei. Andreas Täufer steht an der
Seite der Madonna mit dem Christuskind und sein Pendant ist Petrus.
Dabei repräsentiert Johannes den Alten Bund, der den Erlöser Christus
erwartet. Christus in Gestalt eines Kindes hebt die Bedeutung der
Gottesmutter für die Heilstat des Gottessohnes hervor. Und Petrus steht
für den Neuen Bund und die Kirche. Auch Ninos Täufer könnte aus einem
solchen Kontext stammen. Die Figur Johannes des Täufers fügt sich
spät in Ninos Oeuvre ein, das sich über drei Dekaden von ca. 1335 bis zu
seinem Tod 1368 erstreckte und vor allem in Florenz bis 1340-1341 und
danach in Pisa entstand. Die nächste künstlerische Beziehung der Figur
des Johannes (figg. 1, 8) besteht zu den Skulpturen (figg. 7, 9) des
Grabmals für den Pisaner Erzbischof Giovanni Scherlatti, die 1362-1363
zu datieren sind (figg. 6, 9).
The sculpture
depicting Saint John the Baptist by Nino Pisano (figs. 1, 2, 5, 7-8) is
perfectly preserved with the exception of the lower part of the legs and
feet, which could most likely be seen under his fur garment, as
suggested by a comparison with some equivalent statues by Andrea and
Tommaso (figs. 3-4), his father and brother, respectively. The lost part
was probably sculpted from a second block of marble, as indicated by
traces of two metal brackets affixed on the back near the lower edge.
The flat back of the sculpture, which bears a metal ring on the upper
part of its surface, reveals that the statue was designed alongside a
flat ground to which it would have been fastened.
There is no doubt that the figure of the
Baptist made by Andrea served as a model for Nino's figure. In both
figures, one notes similarities in the hand positions. While the right
index finger points to a person, Christ, that of the left hand indicates
the inscription whose text, though all but illegible, can be deduced:
Ecce Agnus Dei. Andrea's John the Baptist stands besides the Virgin with
Child; on the other side is his companion figure, Peter. Thus John the
Baptist represents the Old Covenant awaiting the saviour, Christ.
Portrayed as a child, he highlights the importance of the Mother of God
in relation to the Son's act of salvation. Peter, on the other hand,
represents the New Covenant and the Church. Nino's figure may also
derive from such a context.
The figure of John the Baptist belongs to a
later period in Nino's oeuvre, which encompasses three decades from
about 1335 until his death in 1368, most of his works having been made
in Florence until 1340-41 and afterwards in Pisa. The greatest
similarities to his figure of John the Baptist are found in the
sculptures that are part of the tomb of the Archbishop of Pisa, Giovanni
Scherlatti, dating to 1362-63 (figs. 6, 9).
Peter Lüdmann
Un
Profeta e una
Sibilla in cerca d’autore,
significato e contesto. Osservazioni su due dipinti “belliniani”
trascurati
In the past given
to various Venetian artists of the late 15th century, the life-size
painting of a Sibyl in the Uffizi gallery can be attributed to Niccolò
Rondinelli from Ravenna while the author of its companion piece in the
same museum representing an up-to-now undetermined Prophet remains
rather difficult to grasp. A far more interesting question however is
constituted by the iconography of the two canvasses which originally
seem to have served as organ shutters. The little dog of the female
personage is in fact a very unusual attribute for a Sibyl which probably
underlines her role as a pagan seer and the three books may justify an
interpretation as the Tiburtine Sibyl, whereas the male pendant can be
convincingly identified as Daniel. Taken into account the latter’s
prophecy of the Last Judgement in the homonymous book of the Old
Testament, the two pictures might thus have referred to the apocalyptic
fears widely spread in Italy during the last years of the Quattrocento
Alessandro Delpriori
La preistoria di Raffaello e una luce su Evangelista di Piandimeleto
This paper studys the early
Raphael’s works, before the Baronci Altarpiece. One can see how the
painter often provided drawings for other artists and how this practice
suggested him to study especially the works of Signorelli, Pintoricchio
and, of course, Perugino. Also his collegue Evangelista di
Piandimeleto, who is documented together with Raphael for the commission
and the payments of the Città di Castello’s altarpiece with the Glory of
Saint Nicola da Tolentino, could use Raphael’s drawings. Evangelista was
a painter who worked always in collaboration with other artists, the
same Raphael, then Timoteo Viti and, after his death, with the son of
Timoteo, Piervita. Evangelista seems to be always subordinate to them
and this is the reason of the difficulties to find a real catalogue.
Fragments of the Baronci Altarpiece of Naples and Paris are of lower
quality compared to the Angel of Brescia and these constitute the basis
of the new corpus of paintings. Close to them I can indicate other six
painting, including, at the beginning of the series, the Stendardo della
Trinity in Palazzo Vitelli alla Cannoniera in Città di Castello.
Fabio Marcelli La spada e le ali di san Michele.
Guidubaldo da Montefeltro e il dittico di Raffaello nel Musée du Louvre
This article is dedicated to the diptych by Raphael, depicting St.
George Fighting the Dragon, and Saint Michael Overwhelming the Demon
(Paris, Musée du Louvre, 609). The Historiography identifies the patron
of this artwork in Guidubaldo da Monte-feltro (1472-1508) – or his
sister Giovanna Felicita Feltria (1463-1513) – to celebrate the
investiture of the Duke as knight of The Most Noble Order of the Garter
(1504), and his nephew Francesco Maria della Rovere (1490-1538), as
knight of the French Order of St. Michael (1503). In this article,
it is proposed to associate the image of the Archangel with the
Nea-politan Aragonese Order of St. Michael (know as Order of the Ermine,
founded by King Ferdinand I in 1465), which Federico da Montefeltro
(1422-1482) obtained in 1474, together with his natural son Antonio
(1445-1508). The Duke and his step brothers, united by a solid bond,
were probably the patrons of the Raphael’s diptych. Alongside the filial
memory for Federico - who was a knight of St. George and St. Michael -
the diptych as an ex-voto to consecrate the Montefeltro's reconquest of
the Duchy of Urbino (August 28, 1503), previously invaded by Cesare
Borgia (June 21, 1502).
Simone Ferrari Temi leonardeschi fra il Nord
Italia e le Fiandre
In this paper, I will discuss several aspects regarding Leonardo Da
Vinci's artistic production. First, I will describe the profound
Leonardesque influence on the young (Antonio) Correggio’s works. Second,
I will report new proposals of Da Vinci’s influence both on Cesare Magni
and Francesco Napoletano. Particular emphasis will be given to the
latter author and his recently discovered “Virgin and Child”, published
for the first time in this essay. Finally, I will present the case
of Francesco da Milano who looked to both Leonardo and Durer for
inspiration. The union of two of the most influential masters was a
great influence not only for artists throughout the Renaissance in Italy
but also for Flemish and German painters like Altdorfer.
Francesco Gatta Alcuni inediti o poco noti
dipinti a chiaroscuro di Antonio Tempesta dalle collezioni nobiliari
romane del Seicento
Arriving in Rome from Florence during the pontificate of Gregory
XIII, Antonio Tempesta painted numerous frescoes in the Vatican papal
palace and on commission from illustrious prelates. Towards the end of
the Sixteenth Century, the artist became famous for his strong inventive
skills in the production of prints depicting scenes of hunts and
battles. At the same time the Florentine began to be assiduously
employed by refined collectors for the execution of precious stone
paintings. Although these aspects of Tempesta's activity have already
been extensively investigated, this study intends to shed light on the
painter's little-known production of easel paintings. In particular,
some unpublished monochrome paintings by Tempesta executed between 1595
and 1630 are presented. Retracing the stylistic progress of the artist,
the author investigate his relationships with the most illustrious
clients of the time and the presence of his grisailles in the most
important Roman noble collections, including the Giustiniani, the
Colonna and the Peretti Montalto.
Antonio Vannugli L’iconografia del cardinale
Marco Sittico Altemps Da ignoto lombardo a Cati, da De Magistris a
Leoni, da Pulzone a Bays. Con l’inventario Altemps del 1618-19
In the article all known portraits
of Cardinal Mark Sittich von Hohenems (1533–1595) are discussed. While
the earliest of them, an anonymous German painting dated 1556 belonging
to Count Waldburg-Zeil at Hohenems, represents him as a
twenty-three-year-old Landsknecht, he appears already as a cardinal in a
portrait by an unknown master working in Rome, formerly in the Art
Museum of Philadelphia and now in the Calvesi collection in Rome. This
painting, that must be dated shortly after his nomination in 1561, shows
him standing in three-quarter length and was the model after which at
least two derivations were made. One of them is in the Borromeo
collection at the Isola Madre on Lake Maggiore, while the other is
included in Pasquale Cati’s ‘historical’ double portrait of Mark Sittich
with his uncle Pope Pius IV, hanging above the altar in the Altemps
chapel in Santa Maria in Trastevere in Rome since 1589. The Cardinal is
considerably older in a seated half-length portrait, dated 1584, in the
Museum of Polička in the Czech Republic, here attributed to Simone De
Magistris. After this portrait, Ottavio Leoni took the head in his
posthumous standing full-length portrait of 1612-13 in the Castle of
Gallese near Rome, an old copy of which is also at Polička. Finally, a
bust-length portrait of Cardinal Hohenems, datable to 1576-78 and
recently purchased by a private collector of New York, is published here
as a work by Scipione Pulzone. The image it represents was reproduced by
Anthony Bays in his large Banquet of the Hohenems Family of 1578, now in
the Museum of Polička. In the Appendix, the 1618-19 Altemps inventory of
paintings is thoroughly transcribed from the manuscript in the Newberry
Library of Chicago. Keywords: Mark Sittich von Hohenems, Pasquale Cati,
Jacopino del Conte, Simone De Magistris, Ottavio Leoni, Scipione
Pulzone, Anthony Bays.
Francesco Saracino
Uno Jesu e San Giovanni di Giovanni Baglione
A painting that some years ago passed
through the art market with the attribution to Spadarino, on a more
in-depth analysis reveals an autograph work by Giovanni Baglione. The
painting represents the Meeting of Jesus and John the Baptist, a very
common subject among Florentine painters of the Renaissance, and this
identification of the episode allows us to recognize a work mentioned in
the inventory drawn up at Baglione's death that is not yet identified.
The painting is important in relation to the religious imagination of
the seventeenth century; moreover, it inspired Guido Reni in one of the
masterpieces of his maturity, the Meeting of Jesus and John the Baptist
that the Bolognese painter sent to Naples in 1629. The interest of
scholars in Baglione has shifted in recent years from the competition
with Michelangelo Merisi towards a more exact understanding of the
characteristics that make him a a prominent personality in the
seventeenth-century art scene. In this sense, the Meeting of Jesus and
John painted around 1625 testifies to the originality of the painter's
iconographic choices, since this subject is not otherwise known in the
Roman painting of his time. |
Stefano Causa Il giovane Battistello
This article proposes a new addition to the catalogue of paintings
by Giovanni Battista Caracciolo (1578-1635). The new work, wich has
recenty emerged in a private collection, enriches the painter's
early work in the neapolitan workshop of Belisario Corenzio in the
early sixteenth century (1601 ca.).
Maria Cristina Chiusa
Dai cieli del Correggio: una testa d’angelo
The contribution proposes an addition to the
catalog of Annibale Carracci, and opens to a reflection on the
history of collecting which, starting from the ninth decade of the
sixteenth century, affected the numerous private and public passages
of the painting under discussion. The description of its long
history, accompanied by the related documentation, is followed by
the analysis of the painting which, on the basis of the double
stylistic and more purely technical-conservative investigation,
allows us to identify Annibale Carracci as the author of the tiny
piece.
Franco Moro
Spunti napoletani tra Jusepe Ribera e Salvator Rosa
Contravening the specialisation
studies and the fields of research that limit the choice of topics,
we are stubbornly entering a path that is equally very dear to me.
As I am a convinced upholder of discipline integration and of the
fundamental importance of knowledge that is educated and fed by
perceptions arising from the direct relationship with the work of
art. The artwork should be the central character of analysis. In
the old sacresty of Santa Maria Maggiore in Treviso we meet the
canvas depicting a full-length Saint Onoufrios, not studied and
still unpublished till now. The human body realistic study that
comes from the works by Jusepe Ribera finds particular similarities
with the painting that here becomes known. The painting bears
comparisons with emblematic and significant works of the pictorial
path of the master active in Naples in the first half of the
Seventeenth century. The extremely raw vision, - typical of Ribera’s
mature expressive language -, is widely represented by his repertory
of saints, anchorites and philosophers. It is strongly linked to the
Saint Paul Hermit (Madrid, Prado) and to the Prophets (Naples,
Certosa di San Martino), the Saint Paul Hermit (Paris, Louvre) and
the Penitent Saint Hieronymus (Milan, Castello Sforzesco). This
red chalk drawing (private collection) is a small but meaningful
proof of the possible creative process planning carried out by
Salvator Rosa. This so highly finished sanguine sheet shows the
monogram, low left, and even the outline of the etching dimensions.
This is the model used before preparing the plate. It is not just a
preparatory study but the finished model, the definitive version
ready to be transferred.
Maria Cecilia Fabbri Firenze, la natura, il
fiume. Quattro grandi vedute a matita di Cristofano Allori
The essay makes known here four views of Florence and its
surroundings made in red and black pencil by Cristofano Allori
(1577-1621) between 1610 and 1612 and today merged into a private
collection in New York. Shortly after the small autographed views of
the Louvre, already owned by Filipppo Baldinucci, the drawings
presented appear coeval in execution and come from the same album,
dismembered in recent times. In the field of research, precise
findings emerged between the places depicted and the current
environment as well as with the cartography of the time.
Giuseppe Porzio
Una nota per Filippo Napoletano
The contribution takes stock of the
latest research on Filippo di Liagno’s Neapolitan beginnings,
focusing on two unpublished payments made to the painter in 1613 by
Montano Pierdominici on behalf of Cardinal Giovanni Evangelista
Pallotta. If these documents confirm the testimony of Giovanni
Baglione regarding the protection exercised by the prelate over the
family of Filippo, in this encounter with Pierdominici, a member of
an illustrious family of Norcia, it may be possible to identify the
premiss for the commission of the altarpiece with Totila, King of
the Ostrogoths, Visiting the Saint Benedict formerly in the Basilica
of Norcia, the artist’s only known public work at present,
unfortunately destroyed in the earthquake of 2016.
Salvatore Pistone Nascone Ritratti di
Agostino Scilla nella storiografia tra Sette e Ottocento
In the 17th
and 18th century, the Messinian art historiography produced a few
important works acknowledging several artists working in the Strait
of Messina, two of them being Vite (Lives) by Francesco Susinno from
1724 and Memorie (Memoirs) by Grosso Cacopardo from 1821. Although
Grosso Cacopardo had never seen Vite and his Memorie was completed a
century later, these biographical collections show impressive
similarities in regards to both biographical content and images. The
only image that seems not to fit is the portrait medallion of
Agostino Scilla, Messinian painter active in the second half of the
16th century. However, this investigation will demonstrate that
the portraits of Scilla from both books stem in fact from the same
iconographic model executed by Scilla’s son, Saverio, who provided
his father’s painted portrait to the Academy of St Luke in Rome, as
well as handed drawn portraits to Susinno and Roman biographer
Nicola Pio, for their biography collections from 1724. In order to
show that Grosso Cacopardo used the same 17th century original model
for his book, the essay treats several letters exchanged between
Cacopardo and Palermitan historiographer and art collector, Agostino
Gallo, whose collection contained portraits of the most important
Sicilian painters. In the correspondence, Gallo asked Cacopardo to
send him the drawing that Letterio Subba, a draughtsman expert at
drawing portrait medallions, had executed for Cacopardo’s 1821 book
based on the portrait painted by Saverio Scilla found in the Academy
of St Luke.
Silvia Benassai Obliate memorie. Pittori
fiorentini del Seicento (e non solo) nella collezione
Lotteringhi della Stufa
The essay reconstructs, through an
accurate bibliographic and documentary research, the unpublished
collecting events of the Florentine Lotteringhi della Stufa family
during the seventeenth century. The family, whose origins date back
to the thirteenth century, had established their residence in the
palace located in Piazza San Lorenzo, in Florence. They also owned
the Castle called the Calcione, near Lucignano, in Val di Chiana. In
particular, the essay examines the figures of Andrea Lotteringhi
della Stufa and his only son, Domenico Andrea, the last heir of the
branch of his family, and the responsible for the enlargement and
the new decorations of the family palace.
Orfeo Cellura
Aggiunte a Vincenzo Martinelli
In recent years, there has been a
growing interest, primarily among Northern Italian private
collectors and antiquarians, in 18th-century Bolognese landscape
painting. This phenomenon has been accompanied by a parallel
increase in academic publications on this subject. This article
presents several unpublished works by Vincenzo Martinelli, the most
important Bolognese landscape painter of the latter half of the
eighteenth century. Throughout his career, Martinelli explored
both the arcadian and neoclassical style and proved himself to be
not only an artistic innovator but also an entrepreneur whose
innovations simplified the purchase process for art collectors,
enabling Martinelli to dominate the art market for some decades and
to leave an enduring legacy in the form of his pupils, who worked in
both Bologna and Rome between the eighteenth and nineteenth
centuries.
Maria Barbara Guerrieri Borsoi
Due dipinti di Domenico
Fiorentini nella sagrestia Ottoboni di San Pietro in Vaticano
Two paintings by Domenico
Fiorentini in Ottoboni sacristy of St. Peter in the Vatican
The article clarifies the authenticity of two paintings kept in
the Ottoboni sacristy in the Vatican basilica, already differently
attributed on previous studies. The erroneous hypotheses originated
from ancient quotations that are both fragmented and contradictory,
but the canvasses are the work of little known Domenico Fiorentini
(1747-1820), not only due to evidence supported by documents but
also because of the stylistic parallels with works undoubtedly
attributed to the same artist. The notable paintings show the
“mansionari”, namely the sacristans of the ancient Vatican basilica
and they were commissioned by the Chapter of St. Peter to decorate
the grand new rooms of Carlo Marchionni’s sacristy. This commission
is part of a contained but interesting activity of patronage of the
arts supported by the Chapter of St Peter.
Chiara Cruciani
Il punto di vista di Cavalcaselle affacciato alla Ringhiera
dell’Umbria. Osservazioni su disegni e appunti di viaggio
montefalchesi
The bicentenary of the birth of the
connoisseur Giovanni Battista Cavalcaselle in 2019 offered the
pretext for a deep investigation into his contribution to the
historical-artistic studies of Umbria. Here is presented the case
study concerning Montefalco through the related sheets of Cod. It.
IV, 2037 (= 12278), notebook X (nowadays preserved in the Marciana
Library in Venice). The study was carried out on the basis of an
examination of the Cavalcaselle’s notes, which were specially
transcribed and constantly compared to the Italian version of the
New history of painting in Italy. This side-by-side comparison
underlines the importance of the Venetian sheets, which often offer
unpublished, valuable and additional information to the printed
text. This article shows Cavalcaselle’s attention for more hidden
works too, even in some remote Church in the surrounding area such
as Sant’Elisabetta in Vecciano. The traveller’s research path also
includes the Church of San Francesco and the Collegiate Church of
San Bartolomeo. The study also sheds light on the interspersed loose
sheets in the Venetian notebook, which have not been written by
Cavalcaselle and whose authorship has been recognized to Filippo
Fiscali in the course of this investigation.
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